MySQL 5.7

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create table test (id serial primary key, val smallint);
insert into test (val) select 100;

Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

set session sql_mode = '';
insert into test (val) select 100000;

Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 1

show warnings;

Level
Code
Message

Warning
1264
Out of range value for column 'val' at row 1

set session sql_mode = 'STRICT_TRANS_TABLES';
insert into test (val) select 200000;

Out of range value for column 'val' at row 1

show warnings;

Level
Code
Message

Error
1264
Out of range value for column 'val' at row 1

select * from test;

id
val

1
100

2
32767