MySQL 8.0

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create table table1 (
  program varchar(20),
  category varchar(20)
);

insert into table1 values
('Acrobat',	'PDF'),
('Photoshop',	'graphics'),
('After Ef',	'video');

CREATE TABLE categories
(
cat_id int AUTO_INCREMENT,
category varchar(255),
PRIMARY KEY (cat_id)
);

insert into categories values
(1,	'PDF'),
(2,	'graphics'),
(3,	'video');

CREATE TABLE programs
(
    program_id int AUTO_INCREMENT,
    program varchar(255),
    cat_id int,
    PRIMARY KEY (program_id),
    FOREIGN KEY (cat_id) REFERENCES categories(cat_id)
);

ALTER TABLE programs AUTO_INCREMENT=100;

Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0



Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0



Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0


insert into programs(program, cat_id)
select t.program, c.cat_id
from table1 t
inner join categories c on c.category = t.category

Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0


select * from programs


program_id
program
cat_id


100
Acrobat
1

101
Photoshop
2

102
After Ef
3