MySQL 8.0

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CREATE TABLE bad_word (
  id int,
  words varchar(50)
);

insert into bad_word values
(1,	'foo bar, fooBar'),
(2,	'aaa bbb, ccc ddd');

Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0


with cte as (
  SELECT t.id, trim(j.words) as words
  FROM bad_word t 
  CROSS JOIN JSON_TABLE(CONCAT('["', REPLACE(words, ',', '","'), '"]'),
                      '$[*]' COLUMNS (words TEXT PATH '$')) j
)
select *
from cte


id
words


1
foo bar

1
fooBar

2
aaa bbb

2
ccc ddd


with cte as (
  SELECT t.id, trim(j.words) as words
  FROM bad_word t 
  CROSS JOIN JSON_TABLE(CONCAT('["', REPLACE(words, ',', '","'), '"]'),
                      '$[*]' COLUMNS (words TEXT PATH '$')) j
)
select *
from cte
where LOCATE(words, 'foo bar 123') > 0 ;


id
words


1
foo bar