Oracle 23c

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ALTER SESSION SET NLS_TERRITORY = 'Japan';
create table yourtable (yourcolumn date);
insert into yourtable values (trunc(sysdate));
1 rows affected

SELECT yourcolumn
FROM yourtable

YOURCOLUMN

23-07-24

SELECT yourcolumn
FROM yourtable
WHERE yourcolumn = '24-JULY-2023';
ORA-01858: A non-numeric character was found instead of a numeric character.

UPDATE yourtable
SET yourcolumn = '25-MAY-2024' 
WHERE yourcolumn = '24-JULY-2023';
ORA-01858: A non-numeric character was found instead of a numeric character.

SELECT yourcolumn
FROM yourtable

YOURCOLUMN

23-07-24

SELECT yourcolumn 
FROM yourtable 
WHERE yourcolumn = TO_DATE('2023-07-24','YYYY-MM-DD');

YOURCOLUMN

23-07-24

UPDATE yourtable
SET yourcolumn = TO_DATE('2024-07-31','YYYY-MM-DD') 
WHERE yourcolumn = TO_DATE('2023-07-24','YYYY-MM-DD');
1 rows affected

SELECT yourcolumn
FROM yourtable

YOURCOLUMN

24-07-31