MySQL 8.0

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Create Table tbl_name(id INT, lessons JSON);

Insert Into tbl_name Values(1,'["3M-232","3M-313"]'),
(2,'["3M-311","3M-312"]'),
(3,'["3M-443","3M-565"]'),
(4,'["4M-232","4M-313"]'),
(5,'["4M-311","4M-312"]'),
(6,'["4M-443","4M-565"]');

Records: 6  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0


SELECT id, JSON_PRETTY(lessons) AS lessons
FROM tbl_name
WHERE JSON_CONTAINS(lessons, '"3M-232"')


id
lessons


1
[
  "3M-232",
  "3M-313"
]


SELECT id, JSON_PRETTY(lessons) AS lessons
FROM tbl_name
WHERE '3M-232' MEMBER OF(lessons)


id
lessons


1
[
  "3M-232",
  "3M-313"
]