Postgres 16

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CREATE TABLE mytable(
   id     INTEGER  NOT NULL  
  ,title  VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL
 
);
INSERT INTO mytable(id,title) VALUES (1,'itsy bitsy spider');
INSERT INTO mytable(id,title) VALUES (2,'itsy bitsy');
INSERT INTO mytable(id,title) VALUES (3,'row row row your boat');
INSERT INTO mytable(id,title) VALUES (4,'twinkle twinkle');
INSERT INTO mytable(id,title) VALUES (5,'twinkle twinkle little star');

CREATE TABLE

INSERT 0 1

INSERT 0 1

INSERT 0 1

INSERT 0 1

INSERT 0 1

select * from mytable m1
join mytable m2
on  m1.title LIKE '%' || m2.title || '%'
and m1.id<>m2.id

id
title
id
title

1
itsy bitsy spider
2
itsy bitsy

5
twinkle twinkle little star
4
twinkle twinkle

SELECT 2

select * from mytable m1
join mytable m2
on  POSITION(m2.title IN m1.title)<>0
and m1.id<>m2.id

id
title
id
title

1
itsy bitsy spider
2
itsy bitsy

5
twinkle twinkle little star
4
twinkle twinkle

SELECT 2

id	title	id	title
1	itsy bitsy spider	2	itsy bitsy
5	twinkle twinkle little star	4	twinkle twinkle