MySQL 8.0

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CREATE TABLE rake_table (
    rake_name VARCHAR(50),
    origin VARCHAR(10),
    destination VARCHAR(10),
    created_At VARCHAR(20),
    bpc_issue_date VARCHAR(20),
    departure_time VARCHAR(20),
    journey_distance DECIMAL(18, 10),
    bpc_balance_distance_km INT,
    abc DECIMAL(18, 10),
    rn INT,
    logic VARCHAR(20)
);
INSERT INTO rake_table (rake_name, origin, destination, created_At, bpc_issue_date, departure_time, journey_distance, bpc_balance_distance_km, abc, rn, logic)
VALUES 
('ARIL-05', 'a', 'b', '09-02-2024 06:37', '08-02-2024 18:30', '09-02-2024 13:40', 173.4600067, 5271, 5097.539993, 1, '5271-173.4600067'),
('ARIL-05', 'a', 'b', '11-02-2024 02:58', '08-02-2024 18:30', '11-02-2024 04:15', 1099.369995, 5271, 3998, 2, '5097-1099'),
('ARIL-05', 'a', 'b', '14-02-2024 12:46', '08-02-2024 18:30', '14-02-2024 15:50', 1099.369995, 5271, 2898, 3, '3998-1099'),
('ARIL-05', 'a', 'b', '16-02-2024 17:29', '08-02-2024 18:30', '17-02-2024 02:30', 175.6600037, 5271, 2713, 4, '2898-175'),
('ARIL-05', 'a', 'b', '17-02-2024 10:54', '08-02-2024 18:30', '18-02-2024 11:30', 1178.880005, 5271, 1544, 5, '2713-1178'),
('ARIL-05', 'a', 'b', '20-02-2024 11:44', '08-02-2024 18:30', '20-02-2024 15:20', 1179.369995, 5271, 364, 6, '1544-1179');

Records: 6  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0


WITH cte AS (
SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (partition by rake_name ORDER BY rn) AS rn_new
FROM rake_table
)
SELECT *,
CASE WHEN rn = 1 THEN abc - prev_distance
ELSE lag(abc) OVER (partition by rake_name ORDER BY rn_new) - prev_distance
END AS new_abc
FROM cte

Unknown column 'prev_distance' in 'field list'