Postgres 16

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create table periods (
  number INT
)

CREATE TABLE

INSERT INTO periods(number)
VALUES (1), (2), (4), (5);

INSERT 0 4

SELECT *
FROM periods AS p
RIGHT JOIN UNNEST(ARRAY[1,2,3]) AS searched_numbers(number)
ON searched_numbers.number = p.number

number
number

1
1

2
2

null
3

SELECT 3

SELECT searched_numbers.number
FROM periods AS p
RIGHT JOIN UNNEST(ARRAY[1,2,3]) AS searched_numbers(number)
ON searched_numbers.number = p.number
WHERE p.number IS NULL

number

3

SELECT 1