SQL Server 2017

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CREATE TABLE test (
  colName VARCHAR(10)
);
INSERT INTO test VALUES
  ('2'), ('33'), ('€'), ('22.9'), ('22.8'), ('$'), ('A'), ('3'), ('!'), ('+50'), ('-100'), ('B'), ('3'), ('+');
14 rows affected

SELECT *
FROM test
ORDER BY
    CASE WHEN LEFT(colName, 1) LIKE '[0-9]' OR LEFT(colName, 2) LIKE '-[0-9]' OR LEFT(colName, 2) LIKE '+[0-9]' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END DESC,
    CASE WHEN ISNUMERIC(colName) = 1 THEN CAST(colName AS MONEY) ELSE NULL END ASC,
    CASE WHEN LEFT(colName, 1) LIKE '[A-Za-z]' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END DESC, colName


colName


-100

2

3

3

22.8

22.9

33

+50

A

B

!

$

+

€