SQLite 3.27

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CREATE TABLE table1 (
  col1 text
)
✓
INSERT INTO table1 VALUES ('#5 abcde')
✓
INSERT INTO table1 VALUES ('#6 abcd')
✓
INSERT INTO table1 VALUES ('#7 abc')
✓
INSERT INTO table1 VALUES ('#12 ab')
✓
INSERT INTO table1 VALUES ('#132 a')
✓
SELECT MAX(CAST(SUBSTR(col1, 2, INSTR(col1, ' ') - 1) AS INT))
FROM table1


MAX(CAST(SUBSTR(col1, 2, INSTR(col1, ' ') - 1) AS INT))


132