Oracle 11g Release 2

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CREATE table test (
id int,
col1 varchar(20),
col2 varchar(20),
col3 varchar(20));
insert into test values(1, 'r', 'g', 'b')
1 rows affected

insert into test values(1, 'g', 'r', null)
1 rows affected

insert into test values(1, 'r', null , 'g')
1 rows affected

select * 
from test 
where col1 = 'r' or col2 = 'r' or col3 = 'r';


ID
COL1
COL2
COL3


1
r
g
b

1
g
r
null

1
r
null
g


select * from test
where 'r' in (col1, col2, col3)


ID
COL1
COL2
COL3


1
r
g
b

1
g
r
null

1
r
null
g