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db<>fiddle
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create table category(nodeid number(3), parentid number(3), description varchar2(100) );


insert into category values(1,0, 'root description');


1 rows affected
insert into category values(2,1,'sub category description');


1 rows affected
insert into category(nodeid,parentid) values(3,2);



1 rows affected
insert into category(nodeid,parentid) values(4,3);


1 rows affected
insert into category values(5,4,'last description');

1 rows affected
select * from category;

NODEID PARENTID DESCRIPTION
1 0 root description
2 1 sub category description
3 2 null
4 3 null
5 4 last description
SELECT *
FROM (SELECT description
FROM category
START WITH parentid = 0
CONNECT BY PRIOR nodeid = parentid)
WHERE description IS NOT NULL;
DESCRIPTION
root description
sub category description
last description