SQL Server 2019

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CREATE TABLE PLANCOURSES ([EMPLID] int, [ID] int, [QTR] int, [SUBJ] varchar(7), [COURSE_NUM] int);
INSERT INTO PLANCOURSES
    ([EMPLID], [ID], [QTR], [SUBJ], [COURSE_NUM])
VALUES
    (11111, 1, 2213, 'HCML', 325),
    (11111, 1, 2213, 'HPM', 340),
    (11111, 1, 2215, 'CMST', 330),
    (22222, 2, 2213, 'ART', 110),
    (22222, 2, 2213, 'GENERAL', 1),
    (22222, 2, 2213, 'GENERAL', 5),
    (33333, 3, 2215, 'CMST', 330),    
    (33333, 3, 2213, 'GENERAL', 5),
    (33333, 3, 2213, 'GENERAL', 6);    

CREATE TABLE COURSEWORK ([EMPLID] int, [QTR] int, [SUBJ] varchar(5), [COURSE_NUM] int);
INSERT INTO COURSEWORK
    ([EMPLID], [QTR], [SUBJ], [COURSE_NUM])
VALUES
    (11111, 2213, 'CMST', 330),
    (11111, 2213, 'HCML', 325),
    (11111, 2215, 'HPM', 340),
    (22222, 2213, 'ART', 105),
    (22222, 2213, 'ENGL', 201),
    (22222, 2213, 'ASTR&', 101),
    (33333, 2213, 'ASTR&', 101),
    (33333, 2213, 'BIOL', 108);

CREATE TABLE GENERAL ([SUBJ] varchar(5), [NUM] int, [MAPPING] int);
INSERT INTO GENERAL
    ([SUBJ], [NUM], [MAPPING])
VALUES
    ('ENGL&', 101, 1),
    ('ENGL', 201, 1),
    ('ENGL&', 235, 1),
    ('ANTH&', 215, 5),
    ('ASTR&', 101, 5),
    ('BIOL', 108, 5);
23 rows affected

with data as (
    select
        e.EMPLID, e.ID, e.QTR,
        case when e.SUBJ = 'GENERAL'
            then concat('GENERAL ', cast(e.COURSE_NUM as varchar(2)),
                        concat(' (' + g.SUBJ + ')', ''))
            else e.SUBJ end as SUBJ,
        coalesce(r.COURSE_NUM, g.NUM) as COURSE_NUM,
        case when r.COURSE_NUM is null then 'MISMATCH' else 'MATCH' end as FOLLOW_PLAN,
        row_number() over (
            partition by e.EMPLID, e.QTR, e.SUBJ, g.MAPPING
            order by r.COURSE_NUM, r.SUBJ) as GMAP_NUM
    from
        PLANCOURSES e
        left outer join GENERAL g
            on e.SUBJ = 'GENERAL' and g.MAPPING = e.COURSE_NUM
        left outer join COURSEWORK r    
            on  r.EMPLID = e.EMPLID and r.QTR = e.QTR 
                and (
                        e.SUBJ <> 'GENERAL' and r.SUBJ = e.SUBJ and r.COURSE_NUM = e.COURSE_NUM
                    or  e.SUBJ  = 'GENERAL' and r.SUBJ = g.SUBJ and r.COURSE_NUM = g.NUM
                )
    where
        (g.NUM is null or r.COURSE_NUM is not null)
)
select EMPLID, ID, QTR, SUBJ, COURSE_NUM, FOLLOW_PLAN
from data where GMAP_NUM = 1
order by EMPLID, ID, FOLLOW_PLAN, case when SUBJ like 'GENERAL%' then 1 else 0 end, SUBJ


EMPLID
ID
QTR
SUBJ
COURSE_NUM
FOLLOW_PLAN


11111
1
2213
HCML
325
MATCH

11111
1
2215
CMST
null
MISMATCH

11111
1
2213
HPM
null
MISMATCH

22222
2
2213
GENERAL 1 (ENGL)
201
MATCH

22222
2
2213
GENERAL 5 (ASTR&)
101
MATCH

22222
2
2213
ART
null
MISMATCH

33333
3
2213
GENERAL 5 (ASTR&)
101
MATCH

33333
3
2215
CMST
null
MISMATCH

33333
3
2213
GENERAL 6
null
MISMATCH


select e.EMPLID, e.ID, e.QTR,
    case when e.SUBJ = 'GENERAL'
        then concat('GENERAL ', cast(e.COURSE_NUM as varchar(2)),
                    concat(' (' + gr.SUBJ + ')', ''))
        else e.SUBJ end as SUBJ,
    coalesce(rr.COURSE_NUM, gr.COURSE_NUM) as COURSE_NUM,
    case when coalesce(rr.COURSE_NUM, gr.COURSE_NUM) is null
        then 'MISMATCH' else 'MATCH' end as FOLLOW_PLAN
from
    PLANCOURSES e
    outer apply (
        select r.SUBJ, r.COURSE_NUM,
            row_number() over (
                partition by e.EMPLID, e.QTR, g.MAPPING
                order by r.COURSE_NUM, r.SUBJ) as GMAP_NUM
        from GENERAL g inner join COURSEWORK r
            on  r.EMPLID = e.EMPLID and r.QTR = e.QTR
            and r.SUBJ = g.SUBJ and r.COURSE_NUM = g.NUM        
        where e.SUBJ = 'GENERAL' and g.MAPPING = e.COURSE_NUM
    ) gr
    outer apply (
        select r.COURSE_NUM
        from COURSEWORK r
        where e.SUBJ <> 'GENERAL'
            and r.EMPLID = e.EMPLID and r.QTR = e.QTR
            and r.SUBJ = e.SUBJ and r.COURSE_NUM = e.COURSE_NUM
    ) rr
where coalesce(gr.GMAP_NUM, 1) = 1
order by EMPLID, ID, FOLLOW_PLAN, case when e.SUBJ = 'GENERAL' then 1 else 0 end, SUBJ


EMPLID
ID
QTR
SUBJ
COURSE_NUM
FOLLOW_PLAN


11111
1
2213
HCML
325
MATCH

11111
1
2215
CMST
null
MISMATCH

11111
1
2213
HPM
null
MISMATCH

22222
2
2213
GENERAL 1 (ENGL)
201
MATCH

22222
2
2213
GENERAL 5 (ASTR&)
101
MATCH

22222
2
2213
ART
null
MISMATCH

33333
3
2213
GENERAL 5 (ASTR&)
101
MATCH

33333
3
2215
CMST
null
MISMATCH

33333
3
2213
GENERAL 6
null
MISMATCH
EMPLID	ID	QTR	SUBJ	COURSE_NUM	FOLLOW_PLAN
11111	1	2213	HCML	325	MATCH
11111	1	2215	CMST	null	MISMATCH
11111	1	2213	HPM	null	MISMATCH
22222	2	2213	GENERAL 1 (ENGL)	201	MATCH
22222	2	2213	GENERAL 5 (ASTR&)	101	MATCH
22222	2	2213	ART	null	MISMATCH
33333	3	2213	GENERAL 5 (ASTR&)	101	MATCH
33333	3	2215	CMST	null	MISMATCH
33333	3	2213	GENERAL 6	null	MISMATCH