SQL Server 2019 (Linux)

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CREATE TABLE #Students(
[Name] varchar(50), 
[Surname] varchar(50),
[Period] int,
[Sport] int, 
[History] int, 
[English] int, 
[Geography] int)
ALTER TABLE #Students
ADD CONSTRAINT chk_period CHECK (Period IN (1,2,3,4))
INSERT INTO 
#Students([Name],[Surname],[Period],[Sport],[History],[English],[Geography])
VALUES
('Mary','Brown',1,17,15,NULL,30)
1 rows affected

INSERT INTO 
#Students([Name],[Surname],[Period],[Sport],[History],[English],[Geography])
VALUES
('Luke','Green',5,30,20,23,NULL)
Msg 547 Level 16 State 0 Line 1
The INSERT statement conflicted with the CHECK constraint "chk_period". The conflict occurred in database "tempdb", table "dbo.#Students___________________________________________________________________________________________________________000000000049", column 'Period'.
Msg 3621 Level 0 State 0 Line 1
The statement has been terminated.

SELECT *
FROM #Students


Name
Surname
Period
Sport
History
English
Geography


Mary
Brown
1
17
15
null
30