Postgres 13

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CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION select_by_txt(z int, x int, y int, VARIADIC cols text[] = NULL, OUT res text)
  LANGUAGE plpgsql AS
$func$
BEGIN
--   EXECUTE format(
   SELECT format(  -- show statement instead of executing
$$
SELECT ST_AsMVT(mvtgeom, 'public.select_by_txt')
FROM  (
   SELECT ST_AsMVTGeom(ST_Transform(t.geom, 3857), bounds.geom) AS geom%s
   FROM   table1 t
   JOIN  (SELECT ST_TileEnvelope($1, $2, $3)) AS bounds(geom)
          ON ST_Intersects(t.geom, ST_Transform(bounds.geom, 4326))
   ) mvtgeom
$$, (SELECT ', ' || string_agg(quote_ident (col), ', ') FROM unnest(cols) col)
   )
   INTO  res
-- USING z, x, y
;
END
$func$;

CREATE FUNCTION

-- your example:
SELECT select_by_txt(10,32,33,'col1', 'col2');

select_by_txt

SELECT ST_AsMVT(mvtgeom, 'public.select_by_txt')
FROM  (
   SELECT ST_AsMVTGeom(ST_Transform(t.geom, 3857), bounds.geom) AS geom, col1, col2
   FROM   table1 t
   JOIN  (SELECT ST_TileEnvelope($1, $2, $3)) AS bounds(geom)
          ON ST_Intersects(t.geom, ST_Transform(bounds.geom, 4326))
   ) mvtgeom

SELECT 1

-- alternative syntax:
SELECT select_by_txt(10,32,33, VARIADIC '{col1,col2}');

select_by_txt

SELECT ST_AsMVT(mvtgeom, 'public.select_by_txt')
FROM  (
   SELECT ST_AsMVTGeom(ST_Transform(t.geom, 3857), bounds.geom) AS geom, col1, col2
   FROM   table1 t
   JOIN  (SELECT ST_TileEnvelope($1, $2, $3)) AS bounds(geom)
          ON ST_Intersects(t.geom, ST_Transform(bounds.geom, 4326))
   ) mvtgeom

SELECT 1

-- futile attempt on SQL injection:
SELECT select_by_txt(10,32,33,'col1', 'col2', $$col3'); DROP TABLE table1;--$$);

select_by_txt

SELECT ST_AsMVT(mvtgeom, 'public.select_by_txt')
FROM  (
   SELECT ST_AsMVTGeom(ST_Transform(t.geom, 3857), bounds.geom) AS geom, col1, col2, "col3'); DROP TABLE table1;--"
   FROM   table1 t
   JOIN  (SELECT ST_TileEnvelope($1, $2, $3)) AS bounds(geom)
          ON ST_Intersects(t.geom, ST_Transform(bounds.geom, 4326))
   ) mvtgeom

SELECT 1

-- single additional column
SELECT select_by_txt(10,32,33, 'col1');

select_by_txt

SELECT ST_AsMVT(mvtgeom, 'public.select_by_txt')
FROM  (
   SELECT ST_AsMVTGeom(ST_Transform(t.geom, 3857), bounds.geom) AS geom, col1
   FROM   table1 t
   JOIN  (SELECT ST_TileEnvelope($1, $2, $3)) AS bounds(geom)
          ON ST_Intersects(t.geom, ST_Transform(bounds.geom, 4326))
   ) mvtgeom

SELECT 1

-- no additional columns
SELECT select_by_txt(10,32,33);

select_by_txt

SELECT ST_AsMVT(mvtgeom, 'public.select_by_txt')
FROM  (
   SELECT ST_AsMVTGeom(ST_Transform(t.geom, 3857), bounds.geom) AS geom
   FROM   table1 t
   JOIN  (SELECT ST_TileEnvelope($1, $2, $3)) AS bounds(geom)
          ON ST_Intersects(t.geom, ST_Transform(bounds.geom, 4326))
   ) mvtgeom

SELECT 1