MySQL 8.0

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create table test (recur_year int, recur_month int, recur_week int, recur_day int)
insert into test values (1, 0, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0, 0), (0, 0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 0, 1)
select curdate() - interval recur_year year - interval recur_month month - interval recur_week week - interval recur_day day
from test

curdate() - interval recur_year year - interval recur_month month - interval recur_week week - interval recur_day day

2019-05-14

2020-04-14

2020-05-07

2020-05-13