SQL Server 2019 (Linux)

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CREATE TABLE #Food(
	[Code] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
	[Group] [nvarchar](100) NULL,
	[Quantity] [int] NOT NULL,
	[Color] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
) ON [PRIMARY];
INSERT INTO #Food
  ( [Code], [Group], [Quantity],[Color] )
VALUES
  ('Apple', 'Fruit', 44, 'red'), 
  ('Apple', 'Fruit', 1, 'yellow'), 
  ('Pineapple', 'Fruit', 14, 'brown'),
  ('Apple', 'Fruit', 12, 'red'), 
  ('Banana', 'Fruit', 1, 'yellow'), 
  ('Tomatoes', 'Vegetables', 8, 'red'),
  ('Cucumbers', 'Vegetables', 3, 'green');
7 rows affected

SELECT [Code], [Group], [Quantity],[Color]
FROM #Food


Code
Group
Quantity
Color


Apple
Fruit
44
red

Apple
Fruit
1
yellow

Pineapple
Fruit
14
brown

Apple
Fruit
12
red

Banana
Fruit
1
yellow

Tomatoes
Vegetables
8
red

Cucumbers
Vegetables
3
green


CREATE TABLE #Groups(
	[ID] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
	[Desc] [nvarchar](100) NOT NULL
) ON [PRIMARY];
INSERT INTO #Groups
  ( [ID], [Desc] )
VALUES
  ('A001', 'Fruit'), 
  ('A002', 'Vegetables'), 
  ('B099', 'Other');
3 rows affected

SELECT * 
FROM #Groups


ID
Desc


A001
Fruit

A002
Vegetables

B099
Other


UPDATE A
SET A.[Group]=B.ID
FROM #Food AS A
INNER JOIN #Groups AS B
ON A.[Group]=B.[Desc]
WHERE A.Quantity >= 3
5 rows affected

SELECT * 
FROM #Food


Code
Group
Quantity
Color


Apple
A001
44
red

Apple
Fruit
1
yellow

Pineapple
A001
14
brown

Apple
A001
12
red

Banana
Fruit
1
yellow

Tomatoes
A002
8
red

Cucumbers
A002
3
green

Code	Group	Quantity	Color
Apple	Fruit	44	red
Apple	Fruit	1	yellow
Pineapple	Fruit	14	brown
Apple	Fruit	12	red
Banana	Fruit	1	yellow
Tomatoes	Vegetables	8	red
Cucumbers	Vegetables	3	green

Code	Group	Quantity	Color
Apple	A001	44	red
Apple	Fruit	1	yellow
Pineapple	A001	14	brown
Apple	A001	12	red
Banana	Fruit	1	yellow
Tomatoes	A002	8	red
Cucumbers	A002	3	green