MySQL 5.7

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create table mysterytablename  (id serial, date date, system_value decimal(16,2), account_id int, growth tinyint not null default 0);
insert into mysterytablename (date, system_value, account_id) values
('2020-05-28', 18.34, 83266),
('2020-05-27', 30.63, 83266),
('2020-05-26', 26.01, 83266),
('2020-05-23', 55.87, 83266),
('2020-05-28', 63.26, 82155),
('2020-05-26', 48.54, 82155),
('2020-05-21', 58.52, 82155),
('2020-05-20', 43.20, 82155),
('2020-05-19', 64.44, 82155),
('2020-05-18', 9.67, 82155);


update mysterytablename m
left join mysterytablename m2 on m2.account_id=m.account_id and m2.date=m.date - interval 1 day
set m.growth = m.system_value > coalesce(m2.system_value,0)
select * from mysterytablename order by account_id,date


id
date
system_value
account_id
growth


10
2020-05-18
9.67
82155
1

9
2020-05-19
64.44
82155
1

8
2020-05-20
43.20
82155
0

7
2020-05-21
58.52
82155
1

6
2020-05-26
48.54
82155
1

5
2020-05-28
63.26
82155
1

4
2020-05-23
55.87
83266
1

3
2020-05-26
26.01
83266
1

2
2020-05-27
30.63
83266
1

1
2020-05-28
18.34
83266
0

id	date	system_value	account_id	growth
10	2020-05-18	9.67	82155	1
9	2020-05-19	64.44	82155	1
8	2020-05-20	43.20	82155	0
7	2020-05-21	58.52	82155	1
6	2020-05-26	48.54	82155	1
5	2020-05-28	63.26	82155	1
4	2020-05-23	55.87	83266	1
3	2020-05-26	26.01	83266	1
2	2020-05-27	30.63	83266	1
1	2020-05-28	18.34	83266	0