MariaDB 10.5

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CREATE TABLE test (ID INT, data JSON);
INSERT INTO test VALUES
(1    , '["section1","section2","section1","section3"]'),
(2    , '["section2","section4"]');
SELECT * FROM test;


ID
data


1
["section1","section2","section1","section3"]

2
["section2","section4"]


select 
    id, 
    JSON_LENGTH(JSON_SEARCH(data, 'all', 'section1')) section1, 
    JSON_LENGTH(JSON_SEARCH(data, 'all', 'section2')) section2, 
    JSON_LENGTH(JSON_SEARCH(data, 'all', 'section3')) section3, 
    JSON_LENGTH(JSON_SEARCH(data, 'all', 'section4')) section4 
from test;


id
section1
section2
section3
section4


1
2
1
1
null

2
null
1
null
1


select 
    id, 
    JSON_CONTAINS(data, '"section1"') section1, 
    JSON_CONTAINS(data, '"section2"') section2, 
    JSON_CONTAINS(data, '"section3"') section3, 
    JSON_CONTAINS(data, '"section4"') section4 
from test;


id
section1
section2
section3
section4


1
1
1
1
0

2
0
1
0
1

ID	data
1	["section1","section2","section1","section3"]
2	["section2","section4"]