Postgres 14

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CREATE TABLE t_table (vid int4, json_data jsonb);

INSERT INTO t_table VALUES
( 1 ,'{"key": "key1", "value": "3222"}'),
( 2,'{"key": "key1", "value": "224"}'),
( 3,'{"key": "key1", "value": "1243"}');

CREATE TABLE

INSERT 0 3

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION query1(incoming_ids jsonb)
RETURNS table (id int4, json_data jsonb) LANGUAGE sql IMMUTABLE
AS $$
 SELECT vid,json_data FROM t_table
 CROSS JOIN LATERAL jsonb_array_elements($1::jsonb->'ids') j(ids)
 WHERE vid = ids::int4
$$ 

CREATE FUNCTION

SELECT query1('{"ids":[1,3]}')

query1

(1,"{""key"": ""key1"", ""value"": ""3222""}")

(3,"{""key"": ""key1"", ""value"": ""1243""}")

SELECT 2