Oracle 18c

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WITH 
dbo_Config as (
select
  'ConfigFiltros' SiglaCategoria,
  'ConfigFiltros' Sigla,
  'IDPraga' IDPraga,
  'IDUsina' IDUsina,
  q'[<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
  <ConfiguracaoFiltros>
    <TpVinculoConfigFiltros>
      <TpVinculoConfigFiltros>
        <IDTpVinculo>1</IDTpVinculo>
        <Descricao>Test1</Descricao>
      </TpVinculoConfigFiltros>
    </TpVinculoConfigFiltros>
    <SituacaoAreasConfigFiltros>
      <Reforma>Reforma Test1</Reforma>
    </SituacaoAreasConfigFiltros>
  </ConfiguracaoFiltros>
  ]' as valor
from dual
)
,xmlPrePos as 
(
  select
    IDPraga,
    IDUsina,
    replace(valor, '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>','') as XML    
  from dbo_Config
  where SiglaCategoria = 'ConfigFiltros' and Sigla='ConfigFiltros'
)
    SELECT 
        IDPraga,
        IDUsina,
        IDTpVinculo,
        Descricao,
        Reforma
    FROM xmlPrePos,
        xmltable('/ConfiguracaoFiltros/TpVinculoConfigFiltros/TpVinculoConfigFiltros'
    passing XMLTYPE(xmlPrePos.XML)
    COLUMNS 
        IDTpVinculo INT path 'IDTpVinculo',
        Descricao VARCHAR(100) path 'Descricao',
        Reforma VARCHAR(100) path './../../SituacaoAreasConfigFiltros/Reforma');

IDPRAGA	IDUSINA	IDTPVINCULO	DESCRICAO	REFORMA
IDPraga	IDUsina	1	Test1	Reforma Test1