MySQL 8.0

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create table entries (entry varchar(255), language tinyint)
insert into entries values ('abc', 1), ('bcd', 1), ('def', 1), ('pqr', 2), ('uvw', 2), ('xyz',2)

Records: 6  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

select * from entries order by rand()

entry
language

xyz
2

bcd
1

pqr
2

uvw
2

abc
1

def
1

select language, 
(select entry from entries e1 where e1.language = e.language order by rand() limit 1)
from (select distinct language from entries) e

language
(select entry from entries e1 where e1.language = e.language order by rand() limit 1)

1
def

2
xyz