MySQL 5.5

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CREATE TABLE TB
    (`id` int, `nazwa` varchar(2), `status` int, PRIMARY KEY (ID))
;
    
INSERT INTO TB
    (`id`, `nazwa`, `status`)
VALUES
    (1, 'n1', 1),
    (2, 'n1', 0),
    (3, 'n1', -1)
;
select * from TB


id
nazwa
status


1
n1
1

2
n1
0

3
n1
-1


INSERT INTO TB
    (`id`, `nazwa`, `status`)
VALUES
    (1, 'n2', 2),
    (2, 'n2', 2),
    (3, 'n2', 2)
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE id=values(id),nazwa=values(nazwa),status=case when status = -1 then status else values(status) end
select * from TB


id
nazwa
status


1
n2
2

2
n2
2

3
n2
-1